Synthesis and bioevaluation of 2-phenyl-4-methyl-1,3-selenazole-5-carboxylic acids as potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors

Eur J Med Chem. 2014 Oct 6:85:508-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.014. Epub 2014 Aug 6.

Abstract

A series of 2-phenyl-4-methyl-1,3-selenazole-5-carboxylic acid derivatives (8a-f, 9a-m) were synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase in vitro. Structure-activity relationship analyses have also been presented. Most of the target compounds exhibited potency levels in the nanomolar range. Compound 9e emerged as the most potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor (IC50 = 5.5 nM) in comparison to febuxostat (IC50 = 18.6 nM). Steady-state kinetics measurements with the bovine milk enzyme indicated a mixed type inhibition with Ki and Ki' values of 0.9 and 2.3 nM, respectively. A molecular modeling study on compounds 9e was performed to gain an insight into its binding mode with xanthine oxidase, and to provide the basis for further structure-guided design of new non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors related with 2-phenyl-4-methyl-1,3-selenazole-5-carboxylic acid scaffold.

Keywords: 2-Phenyl-4-methyl-1,3-selenazole-5-carboxylic acid; Molecular modeling; Structure–activity relationship; Synthesis; Xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carboxylic Acids / chemical synthesis*
  • Carboxylic Acids / chemistry
  • Carboxylic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Cattle
  • Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemical synthesis*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Conformation
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Xanthine Oxidase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Xanthine Oxidase / chemistry

Substances

  • Carboxylic Acids
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Xanthine Oxidase